Risk Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Risk Management - Essay Example 14,040. b) Total indirect (uninsured) lost time accident costs = 36*650 => ? 23,400. c) The indirect (uninsured) cost of non lost time accidents =12*630 => ? 7,560. d) The total costs of injury accidents = 7,560 + ? 23,400 => ? 30,960. e) The cost of injury accidents per employee = 30.960/633 => ? 49. f) The total cost of damage accidents = 2500*85 => ? 212,500. g) The total accident costs for XYZ factory = 7560 + 212,500 + 23,400 =>? 243,460. h) The average accident cost = 243,460/3 => ? 81,153. i) The average accident cost per employee = 243,460/633 =>? 385. 2. Probability distribution of damage for an airplane Notes: It can be observed from the diagram above that the probability of occurrence of damage increases up to a certain maximum value and then falls drastically to zero. The probability of damage can be determined at different damage levels. The mean, median and the 90th percentile level of damage can be obtained. The 90th percentile represents the highest possible damage ex pected. 3. Principles of portfolio theory Positive correlation principle- this principle applies when the investment takes a positive move. For instance, in foreign exchange the upward or downward movement of two or more assets classes indicates a positive correlation. Investing in class of items that has high positive correlation helps in reduction of risk. ... To manage risk negative correlation implies that part of your investments may retain their value or improve while the rest deteriorates in value. The risk is manageable since one investment loses and the other gains. 4. Main elements of insurance premiums The amount of money paid in an insurance policy (premium) depends on the following elements. 1) Intended use- the amount of premium paid will vary depending on the use of the commodity insured. For instance, a private car and a public car require different premiums. 2) Mortality charges- Charges used to cover the eventuality on an individual. Many companies, belief that young men cause a large number of accidents; hence, they charge them high premiums. 3) Saving component- Some of the premium paid is used for reinvestment in order to generate returns which the policy holder receives in terms of bonuses or maturity amount. 4) Geographical location- People who live in densely populated areas; that have high traffic density tend to pay higher premiums. In these areas, the incidences of losses are more pronounced. 5. Influences of the following factors on elements of premiums A. The insured expected losses: When the level of loss expected is high, then the amount of premium to be paid is also high. Mortality charges will increase with the age of the insured since the expectation of death is high in old age. B. Potential variation around the insured’s expected loss: Changes in geographical location and age are associated with increased vulnerability to loss. These changes may imply an increase in premium to the insured. C. Risk sharing arrangement between the insured and the insurer. Sharing of risks between the insured and the insurer implies payment

Restaurant - Eating Essay Example for Free

Restaurant Eating Essay One of my favorite restaurants is Olive Garden. Without going to Italy to taste their traditional food just come in to Olive Garden and experience the Italian food. They offer wide varieties of Italians food. While the restaurants are similar in the type of food they prepare the difference in their atmosphere, menu and services will assist the customers in making the big decision on which one they like to satisfy their appetite. Olive Garden is the perfect place for a meal if you’re looking for both exquisite and casual dining. The atmosphere is very comforting and the mood is relaxed with the dà ©cor being contemporary but restrained. The tables are in a good distance apart so the diners are given their privacy, but at the same time do not feel isolated from others. When my first time walked in their restaurant, I said to my self that this is a place that I can bring my family to enjoy our dinner together. Even though, I have to spend time waiting to get the table, but it is worth to wait. While the atmosphere is a place to go so do their services. The staffs are friendly, welcoming and efficient. They are always willing to go to lengths to help make your dining experience as memorable as possible. My family and I were very new to the restaurant; the waitress came make us feel like home. She took us to the table and asked to order the drink. She greed us and told us that she will be your table service for tonight. The service was very knowledgeable of the menu and was very polite while taking order. Olive Garden offers wide varieties of Italian food. You can order from an exclusive range of starters, main courses and desserts. The dishes are quite reasonable price range from $10 to $25 including entrà ©e and dessert. I was order Chicken Alfredo which is my favorite. While we were waiting for our main course the entrà ©e came with the salad and breadsticks and also the wine are exclusively sold only at Olive Garden for their customer to taste; then our order came in a short time after. While we were eating the waitress came asked for drink refill or how did we enjoy the food. We were really enjoying our dinner at Olive Garden where we can enjoy good food, a place where we can relax and the staffs treat us as family. We brought friend and family their many time after and everything is treating us the same way even better. This is our favorite Italian restaurant of all time.

Boethius :: essays research papers

â€Å"Evil is Nothing† Her argument of Evil is Nothing is very simple. She begins by speaking with Boethius and getting at the definition of what is good and how that is related to God. She starts out by stating that they agree on the fact of God. Then they come to the agreement that God is the good itself. They then state that there is nothing that can go against God and still have power because God is all-powerful and all good. Lady Philosophy then says, â€Å"No one could doubt that God is omnipotent,† and Boethius responds by saying no one in their right mind could deny it. And she says that God can also do evil, which Boethius immediately states â€Å"No.† After that remark she goes on to make her argument by stating that evil must be nothing because God can do anything but God can not do evil so therefore there is no such thing as evil. In this discussion, Lady Philosophy states that because God can do anything and that God cannot do evil then evil is noth ing. Her statement is sound if you believe the statements that they both agreed on. First they said yes there is a God and yes God is good. They then agree on their good God being omnipotent, meaning that their God can do anything. Lady Philosophy then brings up her big argument. She says that God can do anything in the world that he wants to, anything at all, and that he is good. But she also says that God can do evil. This is usually a perspective that humans in general do not look at. We see God as being the good of the world and something to look up to. Her idea of God doing evil is rejected by Boetheius. This meaning that if he believes in evil then he cannot believe in a God that is all-powerful and cannot do good. Therefore Boethius contradicts himself, and Lady Philosophy is found to be correct. However, I agree with this idea and that her statement is sound. However, unlike Boethius I don’t believe that God cannot do evil. If God is all powerful then of course he can do evil, rather he chooses not to, and because of this God is represented as only allowed to do good. But how can anything that is as powerful as that not be able to do something horrible.

Quality Management Essay

What are product, delivery process and services? Indentify and explain one definition that you will be using for this assignment. The company my chose is Burger King. Definition of product: A product is tangible with a physical form. Its design is to fit into a specific purpose defined by the customer of a target market. It is produced through a manufacturing process with specification. The customers will evaluate product’s performance against its price while using it. A product has to be designed for use safely and environment friendly, as often one of the guiding principle. For example, the Burger King’s product, and some of history. When the predecessor of international fast food restaurant chain Burger King (BK) first opened in 1953, its menu predominantly consisted of hamburgers, French fries, soft drinks, milkshakes, and desserts. After being acquired by its Miami, Florida franchisees and renamed in 1954, BK began expanding its menu by adding the Whopper sandwich in 1957, and has since added non-beef items such as chicken, fish, and vegetarian offerings, including salads and meatless sandwiches. Other additions include a breakfast menu and beverages such as Icees, juices, and bottled waters. As the company expanded both inside and outside the United States, it introduced localized versions of its products that conform to regional tastes and cultural or religious beliefs. To generate additional sales, BK occasionally introduces limited-time offers of special versions of its products, or brings out completely new products intended for either long- or short-term sales. Burger king, in general, the main business is fast food, and taste delicious, can satisfy the needs of the customers. (Burger King Product, 2013) Delivery Process The delivery process usually involves six factors: The accountable product/service provider and his product/service suppliers (e. g. the people) Equipment used to provide the product/service (e. g. vehicles, cash registers, technical systems, computer systems) The physical facilities (e. g. buildings, parking, waiting rooms) The requesting product/service consumer Other customers at the delivery location Customer contact The service encounter is defined as all activities involved in the service delivery process. Some service managers use the term â€Å"moment of truth† to indicate that defining point in a specific service encounter where interactions are most intense. Service is through a delivery process meeting and exceeding customer’s expectations. It consists of many back – and front-stage activities where the customer interacts directly or indirectly with the service organization. The purpose of the interaction is To satisfy specific needs and wants of the customer, In a way that meets the customer’s expectations and gives value to him/her. Each customer contact is called a moment of truth. Customer is either satisfy or dissatisfy them when you contact them. For example, a massage shop provide massage services. The services they provide is intangible, and can help the customers to relax. In Burger King, there is also some services provided. For example, when customers order at the counter, the staff will serve the customers by providing them ordering services. When the food is not ready, the customers will take a queue number and take a seat first. When the food is ready, the staff will deliver the food to their table. This is also another services. Thus in Burger King, although they are selling products, but they also provide certain services to add value to customers. 1. 2 Explain and illustrate, in the quality system, the processes of inspection and assurance. Quality assurance inspection is defined as the assessment of characteristics with respect to defined standards in order to assure quality to the customers for any industry of business. Any quality monitoring inspection process consists of the following steps Deciding the sample size – The sample size for quality inspection is decided based on the total lot size to be inspected and the criticality of the characteristics involved. International standards such as ISO 2859 help the inspector to decide the right sample size for the inspection. Selection of samples – Once the sample size is decided, the next step is in the inspection process is selection of the samples. Based on this sample, a decision needs to be taken on the entire lot so it should be a true representative of the lot. To ensure this, the samples should be selected randomly. Measuring or Testing – Once the samples have been selected randomly, these need to be measured and tested. Various standards are available which can be used depending upon the characteristics to be measured or tested. Sometimes the customers may ask for the tests as per their procedures, which may be more stringent than the standards adopted by the organization. However, these terms and conditions need to be agreed upon before entering into a contract with the customer. Examining – Some characteristics only need to be visually examined or inspected. These characteristics may look easy but these are the ones, which may become a point of controversy, since these are subjective in nature. For e. g. shade of the color. Again standards come to an inspectors rescue at this time. Moreover, measurement system analysis helps in removing any doubts on measurement, testing or examining. Comparing with specifications – The results of measurement, test results, results of visual examination need to be then compared with the agreed specifications to decide if the goods or the services meets them the very purpose of a QA inspection. If the samples tested meet the specifications, the entire lot is accepted, otherwise it is rejected. Deciding on subsequent action – Based on the quality inspection results and the comparison of the same with the specifications a decision on a lot is taken. The important point to be noted here is the kind of action initiated if the lot does not meet the specifications. If the manufacturer takes action only to dispose off the defect then the defect may reoccur in the next lot too. All this results in wastage of various resources. The right approach in such cases is to find the real reason or the root cause of the defect and then take corrective and preventive action to eliminate these causes and hence assure good quality.

Caring for Cooper City Essay

There are many factors affecting the health of this community. I believe lack of health education and access to health care are the primary problems. The problems of pinworms and anemia are most preventable with hygiene education and nutritional education. The high premature births and neonatal death rate can be addressed with pre-natal education and care. The ability for the mothers and care givers to access these services may be impaired because of lack of access to health care related to transportation and economics. A cultural norm in many of Hispanic families is both parents work at minimum pay jobs with no benefits, while a family member takes care of several children. This care giver is often an older person (grand parent or aunt) and often does not understand or speak English or is an adolescent that is not able to drive. Because of the noted issues accessing health care during â€Å"business† hours are impaired. It is difficult for the person that may have access to transportation and one that speaks English to arrange a day off to take the child and/or pregnant woman to their doctor appointments Because a large population of the Hispanics go to the Catholic Church getting the local priest or a trusted community involved may help with accessing the population. Information about the clinic, health education classes, and setting up a clinic in the Catholic Church on the weekend may all be options to improving health care. Health education in the schools is another way to get the message to the public. A school health fair or school projects focused on prevention may be ways to help educate the parents. Education of adolescent about birth control, pre-natal care and support are other methods to improve the health of the community. . The planning group will need to have many members of the community. Having someone from the city council, the local priest and pastor, a representative from the high school, a medical representative such as the local md, or nurse practitioner a cultural community representative and representatives of the local business would be the best task force mix. Having the community leader’s access funds to provide free transportation to the health clinics or having a mobile health clinic to access the outlying population. Another option is to have a clinic at the major employer’s place of business. All of the suggested health options will need the support and commitment of the community. As a community health nurse you can support and encourage that commitment.

Free Essays on Gift Of Game

The Gift of Game By: SupraWill â€Å"Playboy isn't like the downscale, male bonding, beer-swilling phenomena that is being promoted now by (some men's magazines). My whole notion was the romantic connection between male and female†. Hugh Hefner Appearance Appearance is very important; you wouldn’t go to a business meeting in your pajamas. We’ll start out at you’re the males feet, If you decide to wear sandals make sure your toe nails are trimmed and the grime from your toenails is scraped out properly. Many men underestimate the eyes of a female, They notice everything. Light colored khaki shorts are a good idea with sandals. If your selection is shoes or boots, go with blue jeans. Loose fitting jeans are important, that is unless you’re a cowboy going to the saloon. If this is the case put this paper down now and walk away. Onto the rest of us dark loose fitting jeans with a pair of boots is a good idea. Make sure your jeans are loose enough to cover the top of the boot. Make sure your boots are clean ( not shiny though). Your jeans should be clean and ironed, never starched. A matching belt is also a good thing to remember, you can never go wrong with leather. Moving on up the selection of your shirt is also important. Basically the thing to remember here is not to express anything political or athletic by it. American Eagle has a great line of shirts that express nothing but their logo, which is just short of an advertisement. Avoid dark or flashy colors, your goal is to be approachable. Now then lets have a look at those things at the end of your arms you call hands. Are they clean ? Are your nails trimmed ? If you forget these to important elements you are telling the girl that you cant take care of yourself then she’ll think â€Å"If he cant take care of his-self how can he take care of me†? Once again moving on up, lets have a look at your head, have you brushed yo... Free Essays on Gift Of Game Free Essays on Gift Of Game The Gift of Game By: SupraWill â€Å"Playboy isn't like the downscale, male bonding, beer-swilling phenomena that is being promoted now by (some men's magazines). My whole notion was the romantic connection between male and female†. Hugh Hefner Appearance Appearance is very important; you wouldn’t go to a business meeting in your pajamas. We’ll start out at you’re the males feet, If you decide to wear sandals make sure your toe nails are trimmed and the grime from your toenails is scraped out properly. Many men underestimate the eyes of a female, They notice everything. Light colored khaki shorts are a good idea with sandals. If your selection is shoes or boots, go with blue jeans. Loose fitting jeans are important, that is unless you’re a cowboy going to the saloon. If this is the case put this paper down now and walk away. Onto the rest of us dark loose fitting jeans with a pair of boots is a good idea. Make sure your jeans are loose enough to cover the top of the boot. Make sure your boots are clean ( not shiny though). Your jeans should be clean and ironed, never starched. A matching belt is also a good thing to remember, you can never go wrong with leather. Moving on up the selection of your shirt is also important. Basically the thing to remember here is not to express anything political or athletic by it. American Eagle has a great line of shirts that express nothing but their logo, which is just short of an advertisement. Avoid dark or flashy colors, your goal is to be approachable. Now then lets have a look at those things at the end of your arms you call hands. Are they clean ? Are your nails trimmed ? If you forget these to important elements you are telling the girl that you cant take care of yourself then she’ll think â€Å"If he cant take care of his-self how can he take care of me†? Once again moving on up, lets have a look at your head, have you brushed yo...

Celebrate Johnny Appleseed Day

Celebrate Johnny Appleseed Day Johnny Appleseed was a famous American boy who is best known for his apple trees. Explore the life and contributions of Johnny Appleseed with the following classroom activities. Explore the Life of Johnny Appleseed (Language Arts) Johnny Appleseed led a full and adventurous life. To introduce students to his amazing life and accomplishments, try this activity: To introduce your students to Johnny Appleseed, read the book Johnny Appleseed by Jodie Shepard. Then discuss his life in Massachusetts and how his birth name was John Chapman. Talk about his love of apples and how he got his name.Then, show students a short video so they can see first hand about his life and accomplishments.Next, have students write a friendly letter to Johnny, asking him any questions they may have, or commenting on his life.Once students have completed their letters, encourage them to share with their classmates. Sorting and Charting Apple Seeds (Science/Math) Johnny Appleseed is famous for planting apple  trees. Try this science/math investigation activity with your students: Have each student bring in an apple to class. Then provide students with a copy of this apple guide so they can determine what kind of apple they brought.Next, have students guess how many apple seeds their apple has. (Tip: Make a chart on the front board with their guesses.)Then, cut open the apples and have each child count and record how many seeds their apple has. ( Do all apples have the same amount? What types of apples have the same number?)Once you get the results, have students compare the results of their estimated guess with the actual number of seeds in the apple.Lastly, allow the students to eat their apple for a healthy afternoon snack. Apple Facts (Social Studies/History) Try this fun apple project to learn some interesting apple facts: To begin, share a book about apples, such as Apples for Everyone by Jill Esbaum, or How Do Apples Grow? by Betsey Maestro.Then write the following facts on the front board: - Apples consists of 85 percent water. - Apples trees can produce fruit for as long as 100 years. - An apple usually has five to ten seeds in them. Next, divide students into groups of two to research even more facts about apples. (Tip: print out several pages from the books above for students to find apple facts.)Then have each person write two apple facts they learned on a cut-out apple. (One fact on the front and one fact on the back of the apples.)Once the facts are written, glue a green stem to the top, punch a hole in the green stem and string all the apple facts together on a clothes line. Suspend the apple project from the ceiling for all to see. Apple Glyphs (Art/Language Arts) Get to know your students better with this fun apple glyph activity: (This is a great activity to have in the learning center) For this activity, students will create an apple glyph that conveys information about themselves. To begin, supply the following arts supplies; red, green, yellow, and orange construction paper, glue, scissors, markers, and a sheet of directions.To create the glyph, the students must follow these directions:Apple Color - Red I have a sister, Green I have a brother, Yellow I have a sister and a brother, Orange I have no siblings.Stem Color - Green I am a boy, Yellow I am a girl.Leaf Color - Brown I have a pet, Yellow I dont have a pet.Worm Color - Light Brown I prefer pizza to pasta, Dark Brown I prefer pasta to pizza. Have an Apple Party (Nutrition/Health) Whats a better way to end a lesson then to have a party! Ask students to bring in apple snacks in honor of Johnny Appleseed. Foods such as applesauce, apple pie, apple muffins, apple bread, apple jelly, apple juice, and of course plain apples! On the day of the party, have students share their apple glyphs. You can even make a game out it. For example, say Whoever prefers pizza to pasta please stand up Or If you have a yellow stem on your apple, please stand up. Do this until their is one person left standing. The winner gets to pick an apple themed book.

New SAT Conversion Chart Old 2400 to New 1600 (Official)

New SAT Conversion Chart Old 2400 to New 1600 (Official) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In March 2016, the SAT underwent a massive redesign, part of which included a change to its scoring system: it shifted from a 2400-point scale to a 1600-point scale. But how do you compare a new SAT score with one on the old SAT 2400 scale? What scores are colleges looking for since some still don't have data on the new SAT? The official new SAT to old SAT conversion charts below offer the most accurate score conversions from one SAT to the other. If you need to convert your new SAT score to an old SAT score, or vice versa, simply use our handy conversion tool below to find your score. After you get your SAT conversion, keep reading- I tell you why it's easier to get a higher SAT score than before due to the new SAT scoring advantage (the new SAT score is higher in certain score regions!). Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Old 2400 SAT to New 1600 SAT Conversion Tool If you've taken both the new SAT and old SAT and want to know which test you've done better on, this tool will do that automatically for you. Enter your old SAT scores on the LEFT to get your new SAT scores on the RIGHT. Enter your old 2400 SAT here: Old Math (max 800) Old Reading (max 800) Old Writing (max 800) Get new 1600 SAT scores here: Old Total SAT (max 2400) New Math (max 800) New Reading + Writing (max 800) New Total SAT (max 1600) // 800) { $(this).val(800); } var m = parseInt($("#in_old_math").val()); var w = parseInt($("#in_old_writing").val()); var c = parseInt($("#in_old_critical").val()); var old_r = w + c var old_total = m + c + w; var new_m; var new_r; var new_total; if (isNaN(m)) { $("#out_new_math").val(''); } else { switch (m) { case 200:new_m = 200;break;case 210:new_m = 220;break;case 220:new_m = 230;break;case 230:new_m = 250;break;case 240:new_m = 260;break;case 250:new_m = 280;break;case 260:new_m = 300;break;case 270:new_m = 310;break;case 280:new_m = 330;break;case 290:new_m = 340;break;case 300:new_m = 350;break;case 310:new_m = 360;break;case 320:new_m = 360;break;case 330:new_m = 370;break;case 340:new_m = 380;break;case 350:new_m = 390;break;case 360:new_m = 400;break;case 370:new_m = 410;break;case 380:new_m = 420;break;case 390:new_m = 430;break;case 400:new_m = 440;break;case 410:new_m = 450;break;case 420:new_m = 460;break;case 430:new_m = 470;break;case 440:new_m = 480;break;case 450:new_m = 490;break;case 460:new_m = 500;break;case 470:new_m = 510;break;case 480:new_m = 510;break;case 490:new_m = 520;break;case 500:new_m = 530;break;case 510:new_m = 540;break;case 520:new_m = 550;break;case 530:new_m = 560;break;case 540:new_m = 570;break;case 550:new_m = 570;break;ca se 560:new_m = 580;break;case 570:new_m = 590;break;case 580:new_m = 600;break;case 590:new_m = 610;break;case 600:new_m = 620;break;case 610:new_m = 630;break;case 620:new_m = 640;break;case 630:new_m = 650;break;case 640:new_m = 660;break;case 650:new_m = 670;break;case 660:new_m = 690;break;case 670:new_m = 700;break;case 680:new_m = 710;break;case 690:new_m = 720;break;case 700:new_m = 730;break;case 710:new_m = 740;break;case 720:new_m = 750;break;case 730:new_m = 760;break;case 740:new_m = 760;break;case 750:new_m = 770;break;case 760:new_m = 780;break;case 770:new_m = 780;break;case 780:new_m = 790;break;case 790:new_m = 800;break;case 800:new_m = 800;break; } $("#out_new_math").val(new_m); } if (isNaN(old_r)) { $("#out_new_verbal").val(''); } else { switch (old_r) { case 400:new_r = 200;break;case 410:new_r = 210;break;case 420:new_r = 220;break;case 430:new_r = 230;break;case 440:new_r = 240;break;case 450:new_r = 260;break;case 460:new_r = 270;break;case 470:new_r = 280;break;case 480:new_r = 290;break;case 490:new_r = 300;break;case 500:new_r = 310;break;case 510:new_r = 310;break;case 520:new_r = 320;break;case 530:new_r = 320;break;case 540:new_r = 330;break;case 550:new_r = 330;break;case 560:new_r = 330;break;case 570:new_r = 340;break;case 580:new_r = 340;break;case 590:new_r = 350;break;case 600:new_r = 350;break;case 610:new_r = 360;break;case 620:new_r = 360;break;case 630:new_r = 360;break;case 640:new_r = 370;break;case 650:new_r = 370;break;case 660:new_r = 380;break;case 670:new_r = 380;break;case 680:new_r = 390;break;case 690:new_r = 390;break;case 700:new_r = 400;break;case 710:new_r = 400;break;case 720:new_r = 410;break;case 730:new_r = 410;break;case 740:new_r = 420;break;case 750:new_r = 420;break;ca se 760:new_r = 430;break;case 770:new_r = 430;break;case 780:new_r = 440;break;case 790:new_r = 440;break;case 800:new_r = 450;break;case 810:new_r = 450;break;case 820:new_r = 460;break;case 830:new_r = 460;break;case 840:new_r = 470;break;case 850:new_r = 480;break;case 860:new_r = 480;break;case 870:new_r = 490;break;case 880:new_r = 490;break;case 890:new_r = 500;break;case 900:new_r = 500;break;case 910:new_r = 510;break;case 920:new_r = 510;break;case 930:new_r = 520;break;case 940:new_r = 530;break;case 950:new_r = 530;break;case 960:new_r = 540;break;case 970:new_r = 540;break;case 980:new_r = 550;break;case 990:new_r = 550;break;case 1000:new_r = 560;break;case 1010:new_r = 560;break;case 1020:new_r = 570;break;case 1030:new_r = 570;break;case 1040:new_r = 580;break;case 1050:new_r = 580;break;case 1060:new_r = 590;break;case 1070:new_r = 590;break;case 1080:new_r = 600;break;case 1090:new_r = 600;break;case 1100:new_r = 610;break;case 1110:new_r = 610;break;case 1120:new_r = 620;break;case 1130:new_r = 620;break;case 1140:new_r = 630;break;case 1150:new_r = 630;break;case 1160:new_r = 640;break;case 1170:new_r = 640;break;case 1180:new_r = 650;break;case 1190:new_r = 650;break;case 1200:new_r = 650;break;case 1210:new_r = 660;break;case 1220:new_r = 660;break;case 1230:new_r = 670;break;case 1240:new_r = 670;break;case 1250:new_r = 680;break;case 1260:new_r = 680;break;case 1270:new_r = 680;break;case 1280:new_r = 690;break;case 1290:new_r = 690;break;case 1300:new_r = 700;break;case 1310:new_r = 700;break;case 1320:new_r = 700;break;case 1330:new_r = 710;break;case 1340:new_r = 710;break;case 1350:new_r = 710;break;case 1360:new_r = 720;break;case 1370:new_r = 720;break;case 1380:new_r = 730;break;case 1390:new_r = 730;break;case 1400:new_r = 730;break;case 1410:new_r = 740;break;case 1420:new_r = 740;break;case 1430:new_r = 740;break;case 1440:new_r = 750;break;case 1450:new_r = 750;break;case 1460:new_r = 750;break;case 1470:new_r = 760;break;case 1480:new_r = 760;break;case 1490:new_r = 760;break;case 1500:new_r = 770;break;case 1510:new_r = 770;break;case 1520:new_r = 770;break;case 1530:new_r = 780;break;case 1540:new_r = 780;break;case 1550:new_r = 780;break;case 1560:new_r = 790;break;case 1570:new_r = 790;break;case 1580:new_r = 800;break;case 1590:new_r = 800;break;case 1600:new_r = 800;break; } $("#out_new_verbal").val(new_r); } if (!isNaN(old_total)) { $("#out_old_total").val(old_total); switch (old_total) {case 600: new_total = 400; break; case 610: new_total = 410; break; case 620: new_total = 420; break; case 630: new_total = 430; break; case 640: new_total = 440; break; case 650: new_total = 450; break; case 660: new_total = 460; break; case 670: new_total = 470; break; case 680: new_total = 480; break; case 690: new_total = 490; break; case 700: new_total = 500; break; case 710: new_total = 510; break; case 720: new_total = 520; break; case 730: new_total = 530; break; case 740: new_total = 540; break; case 750: new_total = 550; break; case 760: new_total = 560; break; case 770: new_total = 580; break; case 780: new_total = 590; break; case 790: new_total = 600; break; case 800: new_total = 610; break; case 810: new_total = 620; break; case 820: new_total = 630; break; case 830: new_total = 640; break; case 840: new_total = 650; break; case 850: new_total = 660; break; case 860: new_total = 670; break; case 870: new_total = 680; break; case 880: new_total = 690; break; case 890: new_total = 690; break; case 900: new_total = 700; break; case 910: new_total = 710; break; case 920: new_total = 710; break; case 930: new_total = 720; break; case 940: new_total = 730; break; case 950: new_total = 730; break; case 960: new_total = 740; break; case 970: new_total = 740; break; case 980: new_total = 750; break; case 990: new_total = 760; break; case 1000: new_total = 760; break; case 1010: new_total = 770; break; case 1020: new_total = 780; break; case 1030: new_total = 780; break; case 1040: new_total = 790; break; case 1050: new_total = 800; break; case 1060: new_total = 800; break; case 1070: new_total = 810; break; case 1080: new_total = 810; break; case 1090: new_total = 820; break; case 1100: new_total = 830; break; case 1110: new_total = 830; break; case 1120: new_total = 840; break; case 1130: new_total = 850; break; case 1140: new_total = 850; break; case 1150: new_total = 860; break; case 1160: new_total = 870; break; case 1170: new_ total = 870; break; case 1180: new_total = 880; break; case 1190: new_total = 890; break; case 1200: new_total = 890; break; case 1210: new_total = 900; break; case 1220: new_total = 910; break; case 1230: new_total = 910; break; case 1240: new_total = 920; break; case 1250: new_total = 930; break; case 1260: new_total = 930; break; case 1270: new_total = 940; break; case 1280: new_total = 950; break; case 1290: new_total = 950; break; case 1300: new_total = 960; break; case 1310: new_total = 970; break; case 1320: new_total = 980; break; case 1330: new_total = 980; break; case 1340: new_total = 990; break; case 1350: new_total = 1000; break; case 1360: new_total = 1000; break; case 1370: new_total = 1010; break; case 1380: new_total = 1020; break; case 1390: new_total = 1020; break; case 1400: new_total = 1030; break; case 1410: new_total = 1030; break; case 1420: new_total = 1040; break; case 1430: new_total = 1050; break; case 1440: new_total = 1050; break; case 1450: new_total = 1060; break; case 1460: new_total = 1070; break; case 1470: new_total = 1070; break; case 1480: new_total = 1080; break; case 1490: new_total = 1090; break; case 1500: new_total = 1090; break; case 1510: new_total = 1100; break; case 1520: new_total = 1110; break; case 1530: new_total = 1110; break; case 1540: new_total = 1120; break; case 1550: new_total = 1120; break; case 1560: new_total = 1130; break; case 1570: new_total = 1140; break; case 1580: new_total = 1140; break; case 1590: new_total = 1150; break; case 1600: new_total = 1160; break; case 1610: new_total = 1160; break; case 1620: new_total = 1170; break; case 1630: new_total = 1180; break; case 1640: new_total = 1180; break; case 1650: new_total = 1190; break; case 1660: new_total = 1200; break; case 1670: new_total = 1200; break; case 1680: new_total = 1210; break; case 1690: new_total = 1210; break; case 1700: new_total = 1220; break; case 1710: new_total = 1230; break; case 1720: new_total = 1230; break; case 1730: new_total = 1240; break; case 1740: new_total = 1250; break; case 1750: new_total = 1250; break; case 1760: new_total = 1260; break; case 1770: new_total = 1270; break; case 1780: new_total = 1270; break; case 1790: new_total = 1280; break; case 1800: new_total = 1290; break; case 1810: new_total = 1290; break; case 1820: new_total = 1300; break; case 1830: new_total = 1300; break; case 1840: new_total = 1310; break; case 1850: new_total = 1320; break; case 1860: new_total = 1320; break; case 1870: new_total = 1330; break; case 1880: new_total = 1340; break; case 1890: new_total = 1340; break; case 1900: new_total = 1350; break; case 1910: new_total = 1350; break; case 1920: new_total = 1360; break; case 1930: new_total = 1370; break; case 1940: new_total = 1370; break; case 1950: new_total = 1380; break; case 1960: new_total = 1380; break; case 1970: new_total = 1390; break; case 1980: new_total = 1400; break; case 1990: new_total = 1400; break; case 2000: new_total = 1410; break; case 2010: new_total = 1410; break; case 2020: new_total = 1420; break; case 2030: new_total = 1430; break; case 2040: new_total = 1430; break; case 2050: new_total = 1440; break; case 2060: new_total = 1440; break; case 2070: new_total = 1450; break; case 2080: new_total = 1450; break; case 2090: new_total = 1460; break; case 2100: new_total = 1470; break; case 2110: new_total = 1470; break; case 2120: new_total = 1480; break; case 2130: new_total = 1480; break; case 2140: new_total = 1490; break; case 2150: new_total = 1490; break; case 2160: new_total = 1500; break; case 2170: new_total = 1500; break; case 2180: new_total = 1510; break; case 2190: new_total = 1510; break; case 2200: new_total = 1510; break; case 2210: new_total = 1520; break; case 2220: new_total = 1520; break; case 2230: new_total = 1530; break; case 2240: new_total = 1530; break; case 2250: new_total = 1540; break; case 2260: new_total = 1540; break; case 2270: new_total = 1550; break; case 2280: new_total = 15 50; break; case 2290: new_total = 1550; break; case 2300: new_total = 1560; break; case 2310: new_total = 1560; break; case 2320: new_total = 1570; break; case 2330: new_total = 1570; break; case 2340: new_total = 1580; break; case 2350: new_total = 1580; break; case 2360: new_total = 1590; break; case 2370: new_total = 1590; break; case 2380: new_total = 1590; break; case 2390: new_total = 1600; break; case 2400: new_total = 1600; break; } $("#out_new_total").val(new_total); var old_to_new_error_payload = "Why don't the section scores add up to the total score? Summing ".concat(new_m.toString()," and ",new_r.toString()," gives ",(new_m+new_r).toString(),", not ",new_total.toString(),"! The reason is that the College Board has one conversion table for individual sections (like Math to Math), and another for total to total conversion. They try to make each individual conversion as accurate as possible, which leads to some inconsistencies. You can read more here.Long story short? Don't worry about it. These are only meant to be estimates anyway. The two totals are ",Math.abs(new_total-new_r-new_m).toString()," points apart - just split the difference and use that value for what you need."); if (new_total != (new_r + new_m)) { document.getElementById("old_to_new_error").innerHTML = old_to_new_error_payload; } else { document.getElementById("old_to_new_error").innerHTML = ""; } } else { $("#out_old_total").val(''); $("#out_new_total").val(''); document.getElementById("old_to_new_error").innerHTML = ""; } }); }); // ]]> New 1600 SAT to Old 2400 SAT Conversion Tool Alternatively, if you want to input your new SAT scores and get old SAT scores, here's how to do it: Enter your new 1600 SAT here: New Math (max 800) New Reading + Writing (max 800) Get old 2400 SAT scores here: New Total SAT (max 1600) Old Math (max 800) Old Reading + Writing (max 1600) Old Total SAT (max 2400) // 800) { $(this).val(800); } var new_m = parseInt($("#in_new_math").val()); var new_v = parseInt($("#in_new_verbal").val()); new_total = new_m + new_v var old_m; var old_v; var old_total; if (isNaN(new_m)) { $("#out_old_math").val(''); } else { switch (new_m) { case 200: old_m = 200; break; case 210: old_m = 200; break; case 220: old_m = 210; break; case 230: old_m = 220; break; case 240: old_m = 220; break; case 250: old_m = 230; break; case 260: old_m = 240; break; case 270: old_m = 240; break; case 280: old_m = 250; break; case 290: old_m = 260; break; case 300: old_m = 260; break; case 310: old_m = 270; break; case 320: old_m = 280; break; case 330: old_m = 280; break; case 340: old_m = 290; break; case 350: old_m = 300; break; case 360: old_m = 310; break; case 370: old_m = 330; break; case 380: old_m = 340; break; case 390: old_m = 350; break; case 400: old_m = 360; break; case 410: old_m = 370; break; case 420: old_m = 380; break; case 430: old_m = 390; break; case 440: old_m = 400; break; case 450: old_m = 410; break; case 460: old_m = 420; break; case 470: old_m = 430; break; case 480: old_m = 440; break; case 490: old_m = 450; break; case 500: old_m = 460; break; case 510: old_m = 470; break; case 520: old_ m = 490; break; case 530: old_m = 500; break; case 540: old_m = 510; break; case 550: old_m = 520; break; case 560: old_m = 530; break; case 570: old_m = 550; break; case 580: old_m = 560; break; case 590: old_m = 570; break; case 600: old_m = 580; break; case 610: old_m = 590; break; case 620: old_m = 600; break; case 630: old_m = 610; break; case 640: old_m = 620; break; case 650: old_m = 630; break; case 660: old_m = 640; break; case 670: old_m = 650; break; case 680: old_m = 650; break; case 690: old_m = 660; break; case 700: old_m = 670; break; case 710: old_m = 680; break; case 720: old_m = 690; break; case 730: old_m = 700; break; case 740: old_m = 710; break; case 750: old_m = 720; break; case 760: old_m = 740; break; case 770: old_m = 750; break; case 780: old_m = 760; break; case 790: old_m = 780; break; case 800: old_m = 800; break; } $("#out_old_math").val(old_m); } if (isNaN(new_v)) { $("#out_old_critical").val(''); } else { switch (new_v) { case 200:old_v = 400;break;case 210:old_v = 410;break;case 220:old_v = 420;break;case 230:old_v = 430;break;case 240:old_v = 440;break;case 250:old_v = 440;break;case 260:old_v = 450;break;case 270:old_v = 460;break;case 280:old_v = 470;break;case 290:old_v = 480;break;case 300:old_v = 490;break;case 310:old_v = 500;break;case 320:old_v = 520;break;case 330:old_v = 550;break;case 340:old_v = 570;break;case 350:old_v = 600;break;case 360:old_v = 620;break;case 370:old_v = 640;break;case 380:old_v = 660;break;case 390:old_v = 690;break;case 400:old_v = 710;break;case 410:old_v = 730;break;case 420:old_v = 750;break;case 430:old_v = 770;break;case 440:old_v = 790;break;case 450:old_v = 800;break;case 460:old_v = 820;break;case 470:old_v = 840;break;case 480:old_v = 860;break;case 490:old_v = 880;break;case 500:old_v = 890;break;case 510:old_v = 910;break;case 520:old_v = 930;break;case 530:old_v = 950;break;case 540:old_v = 970;break;case 550:old_v = 990;break;ca se 560:old_v = 1010;break;case 570:old_v = 1020;break;case 580:old_v = 1040;break;case 590:old_v = 1060;break;case 600:old_v = 1080;break;case 610:old_v = 1100;break;case 620:old_v = 1120;break;case 630:old_v = 1150;break;case 640:old_v = 1170;break;case 650:old_v = 1190;break;case 660:old_v = 1210;break;case 670:old_v = 1240;break;case 680:old_v = 1260;break;case 690:old_v = 1290;break;case 700:old_v = 1310;break;case 710:old_v = 1340;break;case 720:old_v = 1370;break;case 730:old_v = 1390;break;case 740:old_v = 1420;break;case 750:old_v = 1450;break;case 760:old_v = 1480;break;case 770:old_v = 1510;break;case 780:old_v = 1540;break;case 790:old_v = 1560;break;case 800:old_v = 1590;break; } $("#out_old_critical").val(old_v); } if (!isNaN(new_total)) { $("#out_new_total2").val(new_total); switch(new_total) { case 400: old_total = 600; break;case 410: old_total = 610; break;case 420: old_total = 620; break;case 430: old_total = 630; break;case 440: old_total = 640; break;case 450: old_total = 650; break;case 460: old_total = 660; break;case 470: old_total = 670; break;case 480: old_total = 680; break;case 490: old_total = 690; break;case 500: old_total = 700; break;case 510: old_total = 710; break;case 520: old_total = 720; break;case 530: old_total = 730; break;case 540: old_total = 730; break;case 550: old_total = 740; break;case 560: old_total = 750; break;case 570: old_total = 760; break;case 580: old_total = 770; break;case 590: old_total = 780; break;case 600: old_total = 790; break;case 610: old_total = 800; break;case 620: old_total = 810; break;case 630: old_total = 820; break;case 640: old_total = 830; break;case 650: old_total = 840; break;case 660: old_total = 850; break;case 670: old_total = 860; break;case 680: old_total = 870; break;case 690: old_total = 880; break;ca se 700: old_total = 900; break;case 710: old_total = 910; break;case 720: old_total = 930; break;case 730: old_total = 950; break;case 740: old_total = 960; break;case 750: old_total = 980; break;case 760: old_total = 990; break;case 770: old_total = 1010; break;case 780: old_total = 1030; break;case 790: old_total = 1040; break;case 800: old_total = 1060; break;case 810: old_total = 1070; break;case 820: old_total = 1090; break;case 830: old_total = 1110; break;case 840: old_total = 1120; break;case 850: old_total = 1140; break;case 860: old_total = 1150; break;case 870: old_total = 1170; break;case 880: old_total = 1180; break;case 890: old_total = 1200; break;case 900: old_total = 1210; break;case 910: old_total = 1220; break;case 920: old_total = 1240; break;case 930: old_total = 1250; break;case 940: old_total = 1270; break;case 950: old_total = 1280; break;case 960: old_total = 1300; break;case 970: old_total = 1310; break;case 980: old_total = 1330; break;case 990: old_total = 1340; break;case 1000: old_total = 1360; break;case 1010: old_total = 1370; break;case 1020: old_total = 1390; break;case 1030: old_total = 1400; break;case 1040: old_total = 1420; break;case 1050: old_total = 1430; break;case 1060: old_total = 1450; break;case 1070: old_total = 1460; break;case 1080: old_total = 1480; break;case 1090: old_total = 1490; break;case 1100: old_total = 1510; break;case 1110: old_total = 1530; break;case 1120: old_total = 1540; break;case 1130: old_total = 1560; break;case 1140: old_total = 1570; break;case 1150: old_total = 1590; break;case 1160: old_total = 1610; break;case 1170: old_total = 1620; break;case 1180: old_total = 1640; break;case 1190: old_total = 1650; break;case 1200: old_total = 1670; break;case 1210: old_total = 1680; break;case 1220: old_total = 1700; break;case 1230: old_total = 1710; break;case 1240: old_total = 1730; break;case 1250: old_total = 1750; break;case 1260: old_total = 1760; break;case 1270: old_total = 1780; break;cas e 1280: old_total = 1790; break;case 1290: old_total = 1810; break;case 1300: old_total = 1820; break;case 1310: old_total = 1840; break;case 1320: old_total = 1850; break;case 1330: old_total = 1870; break;case 1340: old_total = 1880; break;case 1350: old_total = 1900; break;case 1360: old_total = 1920; break;case 1370: old_total = 1930; break;case 1380: old_total = 1950; break;case 1390: old_total = 1970; break;case 1400: old_total = 1990; break;case 1410: old_total = 2000; break;case 1420: old_total = 2020; break;case 1430: old_total = 2040; break;case 1440: old_total = 2060; break;case 1450: old_total = 2080; break;case 1460: old_total = 2090; break;case 1470: old_total = 2110; break;case 1480: old_total = 2130; break;case 1490: old_total = 2150; break;case 1500: old_total = 2170; break;case 1510: old_total = 2190; break;case 1520: old_total = 2210; break;case 1530: old_total = 2230; break;case 1540: old_total = 2260; break;case 1550: old_total = 2280; break;case 1560: old_total = 2300; break;case 1570: old_total = 2330; break;case 1580: old_total = 2350; break;case 1590: old_total = 2370; break;case 1600: old_total = 2390; break; } $("#out_old_total2").val(old_total); var new_to_old_error_payload = "Why don't the old section scores add up to the old total score? Summing ".concat(old_m.toString()," and ",old_v.toString()," gives ",(old_m+old_v).toString(),", not ",old_total.toString(),"! The reason is that the College Board has one conversion table for individual sections (like Math to Math), and another for total to total conversion. They try to make each individual conversion as accurate as possible, which leads to some inconsistencies. You can read more here.Long story short? Don't worry about it. These are only meant to be estimates anyway. The two totals are ",Math.abs(old_total-old_m-old_v).toString()," points apart - just split the difference and use that value for what you need."); if (old_total != (old_v + old_m)) { document.getElementById("new_to_old_error").innerHTML = new_to_old_error_payload; } else { document.getElementById("new_to_old_error").innerHTML = ""; } } else { $("#out_old_total2").val(''); $("#out_new_total2").val(''); document.getElementById("new_to_old_error").innerHTML = ""; } }); }); // ]]> Official Old SAT to New SAT Conversion Charts We created our conversion tools above using the College Board's official SAT conversion charts. Now, we give you actual conversion tables so that you can see more clearly how new SAT scores match up with old SAT scores (and vice versa). Before you use these tables, know that the most accurate conversion method is to split up the score conversion section by section. In other words, don't just use the College Board's total composite conversion chart (from 2400 to 1600); these can be inaccurate as they ignore the fact that individual sections convert scores differently. For example, if you're converting from an old SAT score to a new SAT score, you'd do the following: Get your old SAT Math score (out of 800) and convert it to a new SAT Math score (out of 800). Get your old Reading + Writing score (out of 1600) and convert it to a new SAT Reading + Writing score (out of 800). Old SAT Math to New SAT Math Conversion Table Math is straightforward because both the new SAT and old SAT Math sections are out of 800. Old SAT Math New SAT Math Old SAT Math New SAT Math Old SAT Math New SAT Math 800 800 600 620 400 440 790 800 590 610 390 430 780 790 580 600 380 420 770 780 570 590 370 410 760 780 560 580 360 400 750 770 550 570 350 390 740 760 540 570 340 380 730 760 530 560 330 370 720 750 520 550 320 360 710 740 510 540 310 360 700 730 500 530 300 350 690 720 490 520 290 340 680 710 480 510 280 330 670 700 470 510 270 310 660 690 460 500 260 300 650 670 450 490 250 280 640 660 440 480 240 260 630 650 430 470 230 250 620 640 420 460 220 230 610 630 410 450 210 220 200 200 Old SAT Reading + Writing to New SAT Reading + Writing Conversion Table On the old SAT, Reading and Writing were separate sections, each out of 800. On the new SAT, however, these two sections are combined for a total Evidence-Based Reading and Writing (EBRW) score out of 800. In this table, we added the old SAT Reading and Writing sections together to get a single Reading and Writing score out of 1600. Old R+W New R+W Old R+W New R+W Old R+W New R+W 1600 800 1200 650 800 450 1590 800 1190 650 790 440 1580 800 1180 650 780 440 1570 790 1170 640 770 430 1560 790 1160 640 760 430 1550 780 1150 630 750 420 1540 780 1140 630 740 420 1530 780 1130 620 730 410 1520 770 1120 620 720 410 1510 770 1110 610 710 400 1500 770 1100 610 700 400 1490 760 1090 600 690 390 1480 760 1080 600 680 390 1470 760 1070 590 670 380 1460 750 1060 590 660 380 1450 750 1050 580 650 370 1440 750 1040 580 640 370 1430 740 1030 570 630 360 1420 740 1020 570 620 360 1410 740 1010 560 610 360 1400 730 1000 560 600 350 1390 730 990 550 590 350 1380 730 980 550 580 340 1370 720 970 540 570 340 1360 720 960 540 560 330 1350 710 950 530 550 330 1340 710 940 530 540 330 1330 710 930 520 530 320 1320 700 920 510 520 320 1310 700 910 510 510 310 1300 700 900 500 500 310 1290 690 890 500 490 300 1280 690 880 490 480 290 1270 680 870 490 470 280 1260 680 860 480 460 270 1250 680 850 480 450 260 1240 670 840 470 440 240 1230 670 830 460 430 230 1220 660 820 460 420 220 1210 660 810 450 410 210 400 200 Using the two section tables above, you can convert any scores from the new SAT to the old SAT, and vice versa. You can then add up the scores you find to get your composite score. Want to get serious about improving your SAT score? We have the leading online SAT prep program that will raise your score by 160+ points, guaranteed. Exclusive to our program, we have an expert SAT instructor grade each of your SAT essays and give you customized feedback on how to improve your score. This can mean an instant jump of 80 points on the Writing section alone. Check out our 5-day free trial and sign up for free: Composite New SAT to Old SAT Conversion Chart This SAT conversion table is the one I recommend not using since it goes from composite score to composite score. This manner of translating scores is less accurate than splitting up your composite score section by section as recommended above. For example, here are two scenarios of a student with an 1800 score on the old SAT. If you just use the table below, you'd get 1290 as your new total SAT score. But this is just an approximation- if you use your section scores, you end up with entirely different conversions! Scenario 1 Old SAT Math: 800 Reading: 600 Writing: 400 Composite: 1800/2400 New SAT New Math: 800 New Reading + Writing: 560 New Composite: 1360/1600 Scenario 2 Old SAT Math: 600 Reading: 600 Writing: 600 Composite: 1800/2400 New SAT New Math: 620 New Reading + Writing: 650 New Composite: 1270/1600 Notice how in both scenarios, the old composite score adds up to 1800, but the new composite score varies by nearly 100 points. Once again, if you were to use the table below, you'd get 1290 for both, but this conversion is clearly less accurate since the two scenarios above yield wildly different scores when converting by section. Regardless, here's the official SAT composite score conversion chart for your reference: New SAT Old SAT New SAT Old SAT New SAT Old SAT 1600 2390 1200 1670 800 1060 1590 2370 1190 1650 790 1040 1580 2350 1180 1640 780 1030 1570 2330 1170 1620 770 1010 1560 2300 1160 1610 760 990 1550 2280 1150 1590 750 980 1540 2260 1140 1570 740 960 1530 2230 1130 1560 730 950 1520 2210 1120 1540 720 930 1510 2190 1110 1530 710 910 1500 2170 1100 1510 700 900 1490 2150 1090 1490 690 880 1480 2130 1080 1480 680 870 1470 2110 1070 1460 670 860 1460 2090 1060 1450 660 850 1450 2080 1050 1430 650 840 1440 2060 1040 1420 640 830 1430 2040 1030 1400 630 820 1420 2020 1020 1390 620 810 1410 2000 1010 1370 610 800 1400 1990 1000 1360 600 790 1390 1970 990 1340 590 780 1380 1950 980 1330 580 770 1370 1930 970 1310 570 760 1360 1920 960 1300 560 750 1350 1900 950 1280 550 740 1340 1880 940 1270 540 730 1330 1870 930 1250 530 730 1320 1850 920 1240 520 720 1310 1840 910 1220 510 710 1300 1820 900 1210 500 700 1290 1810 890 1200 490 690 1280 1790 880 1180 480 680 1270 1780 870 1170 470 670 1260 1760 860 1150 460 660 1250 1750 850 1140 450 650 1240 1730 840 1120 440 640 1230 1710 830 1110 430 630 1220 1700 820 1090 420 620 1210 1680 810 1070 410 610 400 600 What Does the Conversion Chart Say About the New SAT? The official conversion tables show that the new SAT has higher scores than expected across the entire score range. For a full explanation, read our guide on the new SAT scoring advantage. That said, I'll summarize the main points below. Without the College Board's concordance table, you might imagine that you could just multiply the old SAT score by 2/3 to get your new SAT score. For example, 2400 * 2/3 = 1600. Or, 1800 * 2/3 = 1200. In fact, new SAT scores are much higher than this simple formula would predict. An 1800 on the old SAT actually translates to 1280- that's 80 points higher than 1200. Likewise, a 1500 on the old SAT translates to 1100, or 100 points higher than 1000. This also reflects section by section. A 700 on the old SAT Math section is equivalent to a 730 on the new SAT Math section, while a 500 on the old SAT is equivalent to a 530 on the new SAT. What this means is that for the same performance on Math, you get a higher score on the new SAT than you would have on the old SAT. So what does this mean for you? Some people worry that this means grade inflation is happening, and that scores are creeping up. But I'm not personally worried about it, and you don't need to be either. The College Board will always grade the SAT in such a way that top students can be distinguished from average students, and average students from below-average students. What really matters is your score percentile, and the score that colleges believe is good. If everyone's SAT score goes up, then colleges will require higher scores for admission as well. This doesn't mean anything about how hard it is to get that score- the difficulty is likely going to stay similar. For now, just focus on studying for the SAT and getting the highest score possible! What’s Next? Curious about how the new SAT scoring system benefits you? Read our comprehensive guide to the new SAT scoring advantage to learn how the current version of the SAT gives you optically higher scores over a range of scores. Want to get a perfect SAT score? Then check out our guide on getting a 1600 SAT score, written by a perfect SAT scorer. What's a good SAT score for you? The answer to this question depends on your goals. Learn how to calculate a great SAT target score in our in-depth guide. Disappointed with your scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Discuss this question. ( more likely to discuss the opinion and Essay

Discuss this question. ( more likely to discuss the opinion and knowledge no sources are needed) - Essay Example But mostly, relativistic has been widely used in understanding and interpreting different cultures or distant historical epochs. It begins with possible and even right premises such as we are historically and culturally different. This has again elicited the cultural wars witnessed in the world today. The suggestion that justification or truth is somehow relative would mostly have a dramatic impact on many fundamental issues about knowledge, intellectual progress, and objectivity. As such, relativism believes the relationship between a certain aspect as related to a certain culture, behaviors or moral principles in a given settings. Intuitively, they hardly believe in cross-cultures attitudes, behaviors or principles, and it is common for them to have lower tolerance. There are, however, ways that can be done to change this trend in the society. For instance, the integration of science which is universal across culture can dispel the attitude that certain justifications or truth are tied towards a particular culture. It would make everyone feel that what happens does so because of particular reason regardless of the culture associated with such behaviors. Through this, the premise of relativism stands to be

Implementing Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Implementing Strategies - Essay Example Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long term, which helps it to achieve one or more objectives through interrelated activities which are undertaken over a specific period of time. These activities form part of the strategy cycle which provides the plan of action for the organisation. This strategy cycle is illustrated in Figure 1.0 below.The first of the stage involves the strategy identification, which plays an important role as the resulting activities of the organisation will be based on decision made at this stage. In order to identify the best strategy to follow, the organisation has to have an understanding of their stakeholders' expectations Stakeholders can include customers, as they are ultimately the service users or consumers. By understanding their expectation, the process of identifying options becomes simplified. For example, if stakeholders expect superior quality or service, then the resulting strategic options could include a focus on cre ating a unique specialisation, novel approaches or even the introduction of equipment and/or technology to enhance this aspect. The second stage of formulating the strategy involves determining the appropriate courses of action to take to enable the organisation to achieve its objectives (Alan 2001, Doyle et al 2002). This can include increasing recruitment, job redundancies, relocation, expansion and other visible aspects of the plan. This is then appraised in Stage 3, a process which includes critical and feasibility assessments. The strategy is then implemented in Stage 4, and this stage is the practical part of the strategy where management actively put a strategy into place (Alan 2001, Doyle et al 2002). However, the implementation of a strategy is likely to be influenced by the dynamics of the organisation in terms of its culture and identity, as strategy implementation can sometimes be part of a change management process. Corporate culture can be defined as the set of beliefs, experiences and attitudes within an organisation (Alan 2001, Doyle et al 2002), and this is often entwined with corporate identity which tends to reflect and represent the culture. Corporate culture and identity have a significant influence on employees, as they dictate simple aspects such as the number of hours worked a day or a week, commuting options, interaction, dress code, benefits, training, office space and professional development (Morris 2005). For example, IBM will have a different corporate culture and identity to say a medical organisation. One can already make out the differences in work hours, as medical organisations tend to have variable working patterns, which in turn influence the amount of office space allocated to an individual, which can also influence the level of communication and interaction with other colleagues. This means that the strategy formulation and implementation processes cannot exclude corporate culture and identity, as these will ultimately determine the parameters of success for the organisation. THE INFLUENCE OF CORPORATE CULTURE AND IDENTITY ON STRATEGY FORMULATION Strategy formulation includes undertaking feasibility, techno-economic, strategy decision/network, input, financial, cost-benefit and pre-investment analyses (Toyohiro 1998, Matson 2001). Feasibility analysis This is where a proposed strategy is examined for its influences and effects on its consumers and/or other competitors (Toyohiro 1998, Alan 2001, Matson 2001, Doyle et al 2002). For instance, if a strategy is formulated that has the effect of increasing the level of competition in the industry, then there has to be some thought how this strategy will affect working hours and motivation of employees. It could be that the proposed strategy will result in a commission based system of work, which will conflict with employees especially if other aspects such as office space are not configured.

International law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

International law - Essay Example This means that the decisions made do not have precedents on the other courts, which means that the provisions of international rules will continue to be applied inconsistently. A good example of a rule, however, is the responsibility to protect doctrine, which necessitates intervention in cases of genocide and other widespread human rights abuses. That said, even this doctrine is applied inconsistently, as seen in the case of Sri Lanka, a nation which has been at war for 30 years. This nation has not been the target of R2P intervention, and has, for many years, been largely ignored by the United Nations. This case study shows the limits of international rules of law, and demonstrates the need for a more comprehensive approach to be taken on the international stage. The Traditional Meaning of Sovereignty The United Nations' attempts to establish an international rule of law meets a stumbling block in the form of the concept of state sovereignty. State sovereignty is a powerful and tr aditional concept, and has traditionally been the bedrock of world order and interstate relations. (Supplement to the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty). What state sovereignty means is that every nation-state has the right to rule its people, and dispose of its resources, by its own independent edicts (International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, p. 12). Because of the concept of state sovereignty, the protected and respected norm, even by the United Nations, is one of non-intervention. State sovereignty is such a paramount concept that, if one nation violates it, then the offended nation can defend itself by right, and the United Nations protects this right to defend (International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, p. 12). That said, state sovereignty is not absolute, and is subjected to international rules and regulations. Moreover, in today's globalized world, state sovereignty has become ever-more tenous. The reali ty of today's world is that national borders are often breached by environmental, cultural and economic influences through technological and communication advances (Supplement to the International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty). State sovereignty is also limited in that nations agree that, in order to maintain their sovereignty, to protect their citizens, and this enables the international community to hold wayward nations accountable for their own actions towards their citizens (International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty, p. 12). In other words, if a nation is committing atrocities against its citizens, then that nation effectively relinquishes its own sovereignty, and the international community has the right to step in and intervene when this occurs. International Rule of Law The other concept that should be understood in this context is the concept of an international rule of law, and the brief historical basis for this. Chesterman (2008) h as explored this concept in depth. He states that the international rule of law has been promoted through international treaties, development actors (including donor States), and security actors (such as the U.N. Security Council). The latter has promoted the rule of law as a form of conflict resolution, claims Chesterman. He sees the international rule of law operating to protect human rights by issuing human rights treaties, as well as international codes

International transportation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

International transportation - Essay Example and services; delivering products and services; and managing customer service) and management and support services (development and management of human capital; managing information technology; managing financial resources; acquisition, construction and management of property; managing Environmental Health and Safety; managing external relationships; and managing knowledge, improvement and change). In this regard, the PCF model has strong and direct links to logistics management activities which are most evident in the delivery of products and services within the operating process phase. As such, since the motor carriage under land transportation is the most commonly and widely used, affordable and accessible mode of transportation across all industries, organizations and countries, this mode of transportation plays a significant role in the PCF model for supply chain management. Governing rules, regulations are simple and universally known for motor carriages. Furthermore, motor transport is cheaper and costs associated with operating, maintaining and sustaining the vehicles for delivery are cheaper when compared to other modes of transportation. As emphasized, the PCF model contain process elements that are applicable to organizations regardless of industry, region and size; thereby, the use of the motor carriage parallel the model’s thrust in making effective delivery of products and services across industries, making its role important for easy and most affordable access in supply chain management of major organizations

Analisis of Peru political, governmental and economical system Essay

Analisis of Peru political, governmental and economical system - Essay Example World Bank has ranked Peru as upper middle income, and also it is the 40th largest in the world by the total GDP. In the year 2012 Peru was the one of the world's rapid-growing economies with the GDP growth rate of 6.3%.Presently it has a high human development index of 0.741 and per capita GDP above $12,000 by Purchasing power parity (PPP). The election in Peru’s members of the Regional Council, comprise the President and Vice-President, is consecutively held by direct suffrage for a phase of four years. They can't reassign their offices, but it can be revoked. Peru is a presidential democratic republic with a multi-party system. In the present constitution, the President is both the head of state and government; he or she is elected for one term that is five years and is not allowed to seek abrupt re-election, he or she must step down for at least one full constitutional term before being re-elected. The President can be in the office for a five-year term . Bills may be proposed by the executive or the legislative branch; they are assented law after they are passed by Congress and publicized by the President. Executive power is managed by the government. Legislative power is secured in both the government and the Congress In Peru the head of state, as well as the legislature, are directly elected by the people. The president is elected to rule the country for a five-year term. The Congress has 130 members, all elected for a term of five years by proportional representation.

Negotiation skill and conlfict Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Negotiation skill and conlfict - Assignment Example While negotiating, instead of using no one should yes, in order to develop better understanding with the other person. The third tip focus on the power of words. It has been said that words such as But, If, No, Or, Should, Could, create barrier between the two. Therefore, while negotiating words such as Yes, And, Let’s must be used. This video focuses on conflict and pathways for resolving conflict. Most people prefer to avoid conflict, other get sick or go on stress leave. The most common problem while dealing with conflict is denial that often extends the conflicts for weeks, months, and in some cases even years. It has been said that some people assume conflict as warfare, dead bodies, and blood on the streets. The correct definition of conflict has been provided which states as, â€Å"Conflict exists when one person has a need of another and that need is not being met†. In order to manage conflict, first the need should be expressed. Second, it must be sought if the need can be met or not. In case the need is not met and the person is afraid of negotiating for it then it leads to silent treatment, gossiping, backstabbing, shouting, and getting angry and aggressive. Therefore, stating in simple words, the resolution starts with expressing the need and negotiating the need without being afraid or nervo us. Quite often, conflict cost a lot to employers. As mentioned in the video, in the U.S. alone, conflicts causes employers $1 billion each year. Conflicts results due to difference in perspective or opinion, limited resources, and miscommunication. In order to control conflict, one needs to be aware enough regarding own self and others as well. Assertiveness refers to being aware of own self whereas for understanding others cooperativeness is required. There five styles that help in managing conflict. They include competing, avoiding, compromising, collaborating, accommodating. One can choose appropriate style for

Analisis of Peru political, governmental and economical system Essay

Analisis of Peru political, governmental and economical system - Essay Example World Bank has ranked Peru as upper middle income, and also it is the 40th largest in the world by the total GDP. In the year 2012 Peru was the one of the world's rapid-growing economies with the GDP growth rate of 6.3%.Presently it has a high human development index of 0.741 and per capita GDP above $12,000 by Purchasing power parity (PPP). The election in Peru’s members of the Regional Council, comprise the President and Vice-President, is consecutively held by direct suffrage for a phase of four years. They can't reassign their offices, but it can be revoked. Peru is a presidential democratic republic with a multi-party system. In the present constitution, the President is both the head of state and government; he or she is elected for one term that is five years and is not allowed to seek abrupt re-election, he or she must step down for at least one full constitutional term before being re-elected. The President can be in the office for a five-year term . Bills may be proposed by the executive or the legislative branch; they are assented law after they are passed by Congress and publicized by the President. Executive power is managed by the government. Legislative power is secured in both the government and the Congress In Peru the head of state, as well as the legislature, are directly elected by the people. The president is elected to rule the country for a five-year term. The Congress has 130 members, all elected for a term of five years by proportional representation.

A utilitarian approach to poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

A utilitarian approach to poverty - Essay Example Singer further argues that people in rich countries spend their income on things which are effectively useless for them. Singer therefore argues that if people can actually curtail their expenses on unnecessary things and donate them, they can actually contribute towards the improvement in the lives of many. Singer’s thesis is critically more important because it outlines the need to have a broader and compassionate view of the poor of the world and how their lives can be improved with just little bit of effort. Singer therefore suggests that rich should help poor because their help will actually result into greater good for the greatest number of people. He also provides the analogy of Bob Bugati and suggests how people from developed world actually ignore how a small time effort can save lives. Singer than suggests that there may be certain objections as to whether the funds donated or the help provided by the Westerners actually end up being utilized properly. There is a cl ear argument of whether the aid or the donations offered at the personal level can actually be utilized for the purpose for which they are given. This argument however, been discussed from the point of view how a little bit of research can actually help anyone to find out credible organizations which utilize the overall donations in fair manner. Underlying the arguments of Singer is probably the implicit assumption that money can actually buy happiness. Singer argues that financial donations and help from the rich can actually fulfill the basic and smaller needs of the poor. This ultimately translates into better and improved quality of the life for poor and may pave way for them to engage themselves into something meaningful. The argument of Bob Bugati however, also presents an alternative view of how money can actually restrict rich to help poor as people like Bob may value money and their financial belongings more than the lives of poor living thousands miles away. Singer therefo re, appears to be offering both the views that money can actually buy happiness while at the other hand, expensive financial possessions of the individuals can actually deter them to look for helping poor. The overall arguments of Singer are relatively straight forward however, there may be certain point of contention based upon which the overall disagreement can be made. First, the implicit assumption that money can actually buy happiness for the people may not be entirely correct argument. Though, money may be the most essential thing for the survival of the people in poor countries however, there is a need to actually view happiness from multi-dimensional purpose. By associating utility with the consumption of wealth can actually be a flawed argument considering the fact that poor countries have relatively higher level of happiness index value as compared to the countries where wealth is relatively high. Considering this from the perspective of Marxian analysis, one needs to argu e as to how to determine what is actually good for the people. To investigate as to what is essentially good for the people may be relatively difficult task because even providing foreign aid may not result into the creation of greater good for the poor because of corruption and other structural issues. Marxian criticism also suggests that

Prius automatically switches Essay Example for Free

Prius automatically switches Essay There are many reasons why people want a revolutionary car. Some enthusiasts enthuse about scientific and technological advances and want the latest gizmos. Others rebel against fuel price increases, even though fuel is cheaper than it has been for decades. Finally, people are ‘concerned about the environment’. Hoping that all the above was true and looking to grab a technological advantage over other car manufacturers; in 2000 Toyota introduced Prius, their first hybrid car. Prius means ‘to go before’, so is a name that may be very prophetic. The Prius and the Honda Insight are the first in a wave of hybrid family cars coming out ahead of similar vehicles from GM, Ford and Daimler Chrysler. At first glance, the Prius seems to have a lot going for it. It combines a 1. 5 litre, four cylinder petrol engine and a 33-kilowatt electric motor. It comfortably seats five, if the three in the back aren’t too tall or too big and has 0,34 cubic meters of luggage space. The electric motor starts the car and operates at low speeds, using a nickel metal-hydride battery.   Under normal motorway conditions, it should get 28 km per liter. The downside is that the Prius is no muscle car. It also costs about 4,000 euros more than the Toyota Echo, although they are nearly the same car. Of course, getting twice as many kilometers per liter of petrol will help to offset the price differential. Assuming the range and a typical 2002 price of one euro per liter, the Prius owner would have to buy 4,000 liters of petrol, enough fuel for 112,000 km, which could take years. Of course, if prices were to rise drastically, that could change. But even if prices doubled-which is not likely-you’d have to drive more than 50,000 km to make up the initial price difference. The picture gets even gloomier when you realize that no one is going to get the estimated fuel consumption anyway. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has admitted that its testing procedure overstates petrol mileage by as much as 15 per cent. It tests cars on a chassis dynamometer, where the driven wheels turn freely on a set of rotating drums-far from normal driving conditions. In addition, hybrids use regenerative braking to recharge their batteries, with the result that braking during the EPA driving cycle is feeding more energy back into the system, boosting estimated petrol mileage. Although this offers a fuel saving, the overall cost of ownership looks less attractive. Compared with the family ‘Car of the Year 2004’, the conventionally powered Toyota Avensis 1. 8 T3-S, the Prius looks poor value. Although the Prius saves on fuel, its overall running cost comes out higher than that of the equivalent Avensis. The reason is its 25 per cent higher service or contract hire cost. On the brighter side, Toyota and its competitors believe that costs will decrease once production of hybrids begins to yield economies of scale. The benefits of scale would not stop with the producer. For example, a major part of the cost of the car is the nickel metal-hydride batteries. A company such as Panasonic could reduce the cost of producing batteries through research and development, it the market merited such an investment and could further reduce the price of batteries through its own economies of scale. However, realizing that cost reductions are a way off that fuel savings aren’t going to be the key to convincing people to purchase the Prius, car manufacturers have asked for tax incentives to stimulate purchase of clean-fuel and high-mileage cars. Several governments are providing incentives to people to buy hybrid cars. The US government offers $ 2,000 federal income-reduction and the UK government offers reduced car tax on initial purchase. Electric car drivers can also avoid London’s GBP 5 per day Congestion Charge. Are consumers ready for hybrids? Do improved gas mileage and emissions standards affect their buying decision? A glance at car sales in the last 10 years would suggest not. The biggest sales growth was in gas-guzzling 4 x 4s. After all, we rarely saw Range Rovers 10 years ago, now they’re a fairly common sight. People, it seems, think it’s a good idea for their neighbors to drive green machines, not themselves. Actually, when the Prius was introduced, it flew out of dealer’s showrooms. Between July and October 2000, Toyota sold 2,610 Priuses and had difficulty keeping up with demand. By the end of October 2000, the cars were waitlisted until January. Of course, much of that sales success is attributable to Toyota’s clever marketing. Two years before introduction, Toyota began educating consumers about the Prius. The company established a website to distribute information and also sent e-brochures to 40,000 likely buyers just before the introduction. Within two weeks. Toyota sold 1,800 cars based on the email message. In all, Toyota spent â‚ ¬15 million in 2002 promoting the Prius. There were print ads in magazines, but the bulk of the campaign was in television advertising. Ads running before the actual introduction used the tag line ‘A car that sometimes runs on gas power and sometimes runs on electric power, from a company that always runs on brain power. These ads helped to position Toyota as an ‘environmentally concerned’ company and more subtly stressed the technology aspect of the car. After introduction, the ads appealed more to emotion, with tag lines such as ‘ When it sees red, it charges’ – a reference to the car’s recharging at traffic lights. The headline captured the consumer’s attention through ambiguity. Only through focusing on the ad could the consumer learn why the headline was accurate. Again, the appeal is based on the technology of the car. Finally, Toyota took advantage of Earth Day to send out green seed cards shaped like Toyota’s logo to prospective buyers, wrapped some Priuses in green, and gave away cars at Earth Day events. Of course, â‚ ¬15 million is just a drop in the ocean compared to Toyota’s overall marketing budget of â‚ ¬ 200 million in 2002, but Toyota was satisfied with the effectiveness of the campaign, given the ‘newness’ of the car and the need to explain its technology. Much of this success can also be attributed to the narrow targeting of the ads. The company expected the first hybrid car buyers to be ‘techies’ and early adopters (people who are highly likely to buy something new). They were right. Many Prius owners are immersed in thee technology. They flood chat rooms with discussion of the car. The Priusenvy. com website urges owners to ‘Kick some gas’. Owners immediately began tinkering with the car’s computer system. One owner was able to add cruise control (an option not offered by Toyota) by wiring in a few switches in the car’s computer system. The founder of priusenvy. com worked out how to use the car’s dashboard display screen to show files from his laptop, play video games, and took at rear-view images from a video camera pointed out of the back of the car. One Austrian consumer installed a sniffer – a device on the car’s computer network that monitors messages. With the sniffer, he will be able to hook up add- ons such as a MiniDisc Player, an MP3 player, a laptop computer and a TV tuner. In the past, owners using mechanical skills customized cars with paint, lowered bodies, and souped – up engines. In the future, customization may rely on being computer savvy. Even though the Internet was a major part of the Prius launch, Toyota does not sell the car from its website. Buyers go to prius. toyota. com online to pick a color and decide whether they want a CD player and floor mats- the only options available from Toyota. After that, the dealers get involved, but it takes specially trained salespeople to explain and promote the Prius. Consequently, only 75 per cent of Toyota dealers handle the car. Many of them are not happy about the need to train salespeople. And why should they be? Margins are higher on gas-guzzlers, which are also easier to sell. Given dealer reluctance and consumer resistance, why have Toyota and Honda spent so much on their hybrids? While part of the answer is government regulations, a bigger part of the answer is competition. All car manufacturers concede that they will eventually have to move to hybrids to raise petrol mileage and lower emissions, and all of them have plans to do so. Ford, for example, plans to introduce an Escape SUV that will get 17 km/litre. Daimler Chrysler says that 15 per cent of its sport-utility vehicles will be hybrids that will get 20 per cent better fuel efficiency than conventional vehicles. General Motors is betting on hybrid buses and trucks. Toyota hopes, however, that its early entry will be the basis for a system of hybrids from ultra compact ‘minicars’ to luxury saloons, sport-utility vehicles, and even commercial trucks,. The mass market, however, values space, comfort, and power. Although hybrids may have space and comfort, power would appear to be elusive. Without greater power, it will be interesting to see whether consumers, who like speed on those open autobahns and acceleration on alpine roads, will settle for a hybrid. Questions 1. Outline the major macroenvironmental factors-demographic, economic, natural, technological, political and cultural-that have affected the introduction and sales of the Toyota Prius. How has Toyota dealt with each of these factors? 2. Evaluate Toyota’s marketing strategy so far. What has Toyota done well? How might it improve its strategy? 3. In your opinion, what are the advantages of Toyota’s early entry into the hybrid market? What are the disadvantages? Should Toyota have waited- like Ford, GM and Daimler Chrysler? 4. What needs and reasons would drive someone to purchase a â€Å"green† car?

The Overuse Of Internet Surfing Media Essay

The Overuse Of Internet Surfing Media Essay We use the internet for our own favor and interest. It depends what we enjoy the internet surfing for; some like using instant messaging and face book. Now they are the most excessively used internet programs. Sometimes people do that in order to solve some mental disorders. Such as feeling isolated, or having lake of self-confidence. Meeting people over the internet and not having to meet them in person, solves their feeling of insecurity. Others are addicted to gaming on the internet, such as playing poker and chess. They are real life addictive games and having the opportunity to have them online, causes the same effect on them as they are in real life. There are many of internet addiction types like mental disorders cause people to reflect their sickness to their desired object of addiction. Some people are addictive to shopping, games, or drugs. In our case, the people addicted to the internet and computers have a lack of self-confidence and a tendency to feel shy in public. They are not capable to make a circle of friends as normal people do in their lives. So they choose making friends online, which is a much easier way for them to pursue their need. Also they use the internet as an escape from life troubles; whether its problems they face at home or outside in their daily life routines. Maybe playing some games or shopping online gives them the feeling of security within them. And helps them overcome their mental struggles. Basically, it makes them forget about their outside world and focus their attention to the inside wide world of the internet and computer use. This type of internet addiction, when people tend to gain their self-confidence through its usage is the most dangerous type of all. It could harm people, who are tending to get to know strangers through the internet chatting, It could lead to crimes such as theft and sexual harassment. It also causes them to neglect their outside world of communication and only feel secure while using the internet. Meaning they will tend to be more sociable and feel lively only while being on their computer; when this is the negative way of pursuing their careers and social life. The more time they spend online, the more they gain their self-esteem. Its like standing in front of a mirror before leaving their homes to go out, this way they make sure they look good and confident enough before they leave. Its the same for the internet use, after they get the security feeling within themselves. They feel completely relieved. The general causes of internet addiction are divided to certain categories; which lets us understand where the overuse of internet comes from. First thing we face generally is curiosity. Usually some of us are eager to know a lot about the technology which grows every day now. And most of these people are in their 40s and 50s. The ones who doesnt have enough information and practice with the internet use; so their curiosity drives them to start surfing the internet and learning the different ways of the computer use. Such as googgling (Google), chatting online or even gaming for the elders. The next category is the development and renewal of self. Exploring the internet is actually a self-development step; learning about it makes you in hold of everything in the world now. Connected is how you feel when you go through the internet. Its everything we use around the world now; nothing can go on without it. You can find anything concerning the subject of your interest easily and with full information about it. You need to update your look, you surf the internet. Or if there is a piece of information youd to like expand your understanding about. Certain types of food youd like to cook. Everything you need youll find through the internet, and especially if its a self-development and renewal situation. Surfing the internet made it easier for people who make researches and always in need of books to help them fulfill their search. Your desired book of interest can easily be found on the internet now. You no longer need to go to a library and search through the books to find your desired information to complete a research. Now you can go online, search the name of the book, and easily find quotations for it and a full biography about it and its author. You can even find the whole book to read instead of buying from a book store. The same goes to magazines and newspapers; if you have missed a weeks newspaper edition or a magazines issue. You can simply find it online, read it all and maybe save the needed pages for your record. The internet has made it so easy for people around the world to pursue their lives and careers outside or even from inside their homes. It has made everything easily accessible and far simpler. But that doesnt mean that it is the most trusted source of informat ion of all. Technology is definitely the reason why our lives are growing rapidly, and its why the world is connected to one another. Its the only way we get better at what we do, renew ourselves and explore what is around us. But we must still be wary of the Internet as it can be addictive and that is unhealthy. Its the reason why we ignore our lives, routines, and activities. Moving away from causes, this paper will now discuss the effects of Internet addiction The first effect of the internet addiction is obviously the amount of time wasted on it. Its usually more than the normal time that should be spent online. It used excessively, and sometimes out of control. Usually its used a lot when not needed at all; like when using face book more than 8 hours a day isnt necessary but you always feel the urge of needing to use it. When its nothing beneficial in the end; same for chatting online; some people have got a purpose of using it. Maybe to stay connected to their families overseas. But some others just go online all day long for the fun of it. They make new friends, or maybe just stay online because they feel like they need to be. Our second effect would be lack of sleep; since they use the internet excessively this way they are losing the feeling of sleep. The need of it isnt as important to them anymore. The computer symbolizes a huge importance in their lives now that taking care of their health is totally ignored. Also the location of the computer is a huge aspect of why you feel the urge to use it frequently. For example if you place it in the bedroom, it causes a big percentage of lack of sleep. Since its always there in front of you and it gets to be irresistible to use. The third effect would be a low job performance and having poor grades in school. People tend to be online more frequently at work, since they are always in access with their computers. Also some of them arent as busy so they use the computer as a way of entertainment. But the majority loses their focus on doing their jobs at work because of chatting too much online while attempting to do their required assignments. Teenagers tend to ignore their studies and prefer to stay online; therefore they get poor grades in school. Neglecting social relationships and activities is our fourth effect. While were staying online, there could be an important event or gathering going on and were not even paying attention to attend it. It could be a family gathering or even a friends birthday. Those things are important for us to participate in as they create our social relationships and shape our personalities. It also shows us the quality of life in some way or another. While gathering with people and sharing activities with them you tend to build your qualities and know your strengths and weaknesses within yourself. You start to recognize the outside world and its nature. Anger is a main symptom and effect of the internet addiction. Its usually obvious when someone starts to question your time spent online and then you start getting angry. Also it appears when youre offline and tense for not being online during the day. It shows on all of your actions during the day and effects your family and friends interactions. The feeling of the need to be online all the time gets you frustrated and it applies to all your daily activities. Giving away details to strangers is the most dangerous and common problem we face through internet addiction. The more you stay online and intend to make new friends and enter new networks; the more you stop thinking of the consequences which will occur later on. Strangers you get to know online could be criminals of any kind; such as sexual harassers, thieves or even drug dealers. The last symptom and effect of internet addiction is changes in your diet and eating speed. Being online too much makes you lose your appetite to food. Sometimes its the complete opposite; the more they stay online the more eat faster and with more quantities. Its like when youre watching television; you get caught in the movie or anything youre watching and keep eating. Thats how most overweight people get fatter. They are not conscious of their action while being caught in their addictive act. Internet addiction seems as uncontrollable and hard to get over. But there are several steps we should follow as our solutions to fixing the addictive act .They are very simple and easy steps to control all our previous symptoms and effects stated above. First of all we need to admit the problem were facing and our excessive use to the internet and the computer. Knowing that you have a problem and you need to work on it gives you an inner peace. It also gives you the push to be able to pass this phase of addiction and think of ways to work it all out. Or at least keep doing what you love most but still in a healthy way. The change of the location of your computer is a must. Its one of the main solutions for the addiction; as we stated before having it in your bedroom makes it feel irresistible to using the computer. You need to locate in a place which is uncomfortable for you. This will make you only use it for the needed purpose and for a short period of time and then go to your favorite place at home. For example, the living room to watch a movie or read a book in your small library. A password for your computer is very important to be able to decrease your use of the internet. Let you spouse or a family member change the password to only something they know. And only sign you in when you need to and for a specific calculated period of time. This way you will be able to control your usage wisely. Also you could have a Timer; which will control your time of usage. So if you use the internet for more than five hours a day, then decrease it to three hours for instance by using your timer. The last solution we should actively do is getting involved in several activities such as social clubs or fitness exercises. This way youre substituting your addiction with a healthier aspect which will involve you in a more sociable environment. And this will make you gain more confidence by time and make a circle of friends the right way. To conclude, there are no obvious reasons for way people are getting addicted to the internet but there are a lot of things drives us to use the internet .internet just a tool some people use it as skipping from life struggles and the things that made some people getting addicted to the internet could be general causes as use the internet for more knowledge, searching for anything that they need and also for making friends from all over the world, and there are some things considered as mental disorder like feeling lonely, depressed or feeling stress. But there are many effects caused by the internet addiction, lose the family sense, lack of sleep and caused back pains and headache also decreasing the social relationships. but there are some solutions the person who are addicted to the internet have to admit that he is addicted and know that very well (admitting that he have a problem) and start change computer location and put it in place that you dislike it ,never put it in sleepin g rooms because you will prefer playing or chatting then sleeping . And finally the person should make a specific hour for using the internet. Human have to know that they are the creditors of the technology so they shouldnt let the machines control them because machines doesnt have brains like human.so just if you use it smartly it wont ever effect you negatively.